Fetih 1453

Fetih 1453 [2012] The Conquest of Constantinople (Modern day Istanbul) Mehmet II the Conqueror. Sultan Mehmet II Al-Fatih RA. Born :  30 March 1432,  Edirne, Turkey Died :  3 May 1481,  Hünkar Çayırı, Turkey Full name :  Mehmed bin Murad 1st  reign :  August 1444 – September 1446 2nd  reign :  3 February 1451 – 3 May 1481 Buried :  Fatih Mosque, Istanbul, İstanbul, Turkey Mehmed II , commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror , was an Ottoman Sultan who ruled from August 1444 to September 1446, and then later from February 1451 to May 1481. The film opens in  Medina  during the time of the Islamic prophet,  Muhammad  (year 627).  Abu Ayyub al-Ansari  tells other  sahabas  that  Constantinople  will be conquered by a blessed commander and army. The story shifts abruptly to the 15th century. Sultan  Muhammad al-Fatih  was given the throne by his father  Murad II  when he was 12; he learns of his father's death while governing the  Sanjak  of  Saruhan . This causes him much grief and paves the way for his ascension to the throne again, after the death of his brother Fathıl IV. When Sultan Mehmet had first ascended the throne, he was also 12 years old. Murad II, suffocated by the political hostility of his margraves and viziers, relinquished the throne due to the impact of his deep grief caused by his beloved son Mohamed’s death and enthroned Mehmet.  Grand Vizier   Halil Pasha , who had a great influence on the  Janissaries  and the state, was dissatisfied because of this situation. He was especially troubled with Sultan Mehmet indicating that Constantinople’s conquest is vitally essential. He made Sultan Murat inherit the throne again in anticipation of the possibility of  crusaders  occupying Ottoman territories by taking advantage of Mehmet. Mehmet was suspended from the throne and sent to the Sanjak of Saruhan. Now, Mehmet succeeds to the throne again and is even more powerful. His priority target is still the conquest of Constantinople. He gains inspiration from the words of Muhammad:  “Constantinople will surely be conquered. What a blessed commander is its and what a blessed army is its army.” He works out everything that will take him to the target. At the outset, Mehmet decides that he should live in peace with contiguous countries until he makes the preparations for his campaign. He sends messengers to the  Papal States , to the  Kingdom of Hungary , to the  Serbian Despotate , to the  Kingdom of Poland , to the  Republic of Genoa  and to the  Republic of Venice  and notifies them of his intention to live in peace. He restores the dockyard of  Gallipoli  and because of this action, 100  galleys  can be produced there in a year. Meanwhile, the  Byzantine Emperor   Constantine XI Palaiologos  thinks that Sultan Mehmet is inexperienced and lacking in foresight. Constantine demands heavy appropriations, trying to use to his advantage his possession of the captive Prince Orhan. Constantine’s main intention is to make Sultan Mehmet lose his reputation by capitulating to his demands. Sultan Mehmet appears to accept his demands, but this is just a strategy of deceit. As soon as the news of Karaman's rebellion is received, Ottoman armies set out for  Akşehir . Karamanoğlu İbrahim was not expecting such a mighty army. He demands peace. Sultan Mehmet accepts the peace, because he does not want his armies to be harmed unnecessarily. After the military expedition, on the return journey, a group of janissaries confront the state tent and ask for payment. They had not actually engaged in battle. In response, Sultan Mehmet sends out enthronements. He also sends into exile the janissary master Kurtçu Doğan. The janissary was an ally of Grand Vizier Halil Pasha. With this incident, Mehmet properly gains dominion over his armies. Following his return to  Adrianople , Mehmet sends a messenger to Emperor Constantine and he declares that he will no longer send the subsidy for the continued captivity of Orhan. Following this incident, Mehmet starts to build the Boğazkesen ( Rumelian ) Fortress across the Anatolian Fortress. He fully intends to wage war against the  Byzantine Empire . On 29 May 1453, the Byzantine soldiers on the ramparts are overwhelmed while facing Sultan Mehmet and thousands of Turkish soldiers. The film only depicts the ethnically Turkish element of the  Ottoman army . In reality, the Ottoman army was very diverse, including many Balkan converts to Islam as well as Christian levies and the armies of the Sultan's Christian vassals. The Ottoman Empire also engaged in a series of conquests in the previous decade, subjugating the Serbian Despotate and defeating a Hungarian-Polish Coalition at the Battle of Varna. Constantinople by 1453 was a shell of its former self, impoverished and largely in ruin. Constantine XI rejected Ottoman overtures to surrender, fearing a massacre by Turkish forces.